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How to detect the break point of the cable? Take a look at some common methods!
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[Abstract]:
When the fault occurs in the internal medium of the cable, the exact location cannot be seen under the condition that the external covering of the cable is insulated, including the strong and weak current. Usually, the idea of finding the breakpoint is to conduct subsection inspection.
For example, if there is a gap in the middle of a cable, it can be measured from the two ends and the middle three points respectively. If there is no gap on either side, the middle point can be taken for measurement. In this way, the location of the break point can be quickly found by narrowing the scope through investigation.
In the actual engineering maintenance, the most fearful for the maintenance personnel is that they can't find the break point in the discontinuous line and cable. Although in the actual maintenance of weak current engineering, we will directly try to change the cable or re-lay when encountering cable problems, today we will discuss what technical methods can be used to detect the breakpoint of the cable!
When the fault occurs in the internal medium of the cable, the exact location cannot be seen under the condition that the external covering of the cable is insulated, including the strong and weak current. Usually, the idea of finding the breakpoint is to conduct subsection inspection.
For example, if there is a gap in the middle of a cable, it can be measured from the two ends and the middle three points respectively. If there is no gap on either side, the middle point can be taken for measurement. In this way, the location of the break point can be quickly found by narrowing the scope through investigation.
那么通常情况下，准确测出电线电缆断点的测量方法有哪些呢？
1，万用表检测法：
首先是把不通的整根线缆一端接到强电的火线上，另一端置空。把万用表拨到AC2V档上，从线缆接电端开始，一边捏住黑色笔笔尖，一边将红色笔沿着导线的绝缘皮慢慢移动，此时显示屏显示的电压值大约为0.445V左右。
当红表笔移动到某处时，显示屏显示的电压突然下降到0.0几伏，大约是原来电压的十分之一，从该位置向前（火线接入端）的大约15cm处即是断点所在。
2，感应式电笔检测检测法
感应试电笔，就是带着一个电子屏幕，可以检测电压和通断的设备。首先排除断点电缆周围的电缆有电源，然后将有断点的电缆接在火线上，将电笔垂直于导线，按住“感应断点测试”按钮在导线上向前缓慢移动，等试电笔检测的交流信号出现突然消失时，即可判断断点在该检测点处，误差最多不超过10cm。
需要注意的是：断点电线周围的电缆不能带有电源。另外要提醒的是，此法不是万能，短电缆效果明显，电缆越长效果越不好。
3，使用音频探测仪
音频探测仪是一种利用单频或复频信号，可测试线路的连续性，来识别线路故障的仪器。能在连接任何交换机、路由器、PC终端的情况下直接找线。在追踪电缆线路时，无需剥开线路外皮，简单、快捷，并可以判别线路断点的位置。
4，电缆故障测试仪
是一套综合性的电缆故障探测仪器。能对电缆的高阻闪络故障，高低阻性的接地，短路和电缆的断线，接触不良等故障进行测试，若配备声测法定点仪，可准确测定故障点的精确位置。特别适用于测试各种型号、不同等级电压的电力电缆及通信电缆。
5，折线检测法
把有断点的电线一端接万用表的黑表笔，另一端接红表笔。万用表打在电阻200Ω档。在最有可能断线的地方（比如经常弯曲点）来回折弯。如万用表显示忽通忽断时，此处即为断点。还不能判断，则需从电缆的一端开始折弯，直到找到断点。 此法适用于较短的电缆。
6，针刺检测法
这种方法是属于有损伤的检测方法了，在断线电缆上分段插入钢针，用万用表测量钢针到电缆端头的通断，以判断电缆的断点。
正常情况下不建议使用，因为会破坏绝缘层，很容易在后期的电缆使用中，造成其他的问题，尤其是在湿度较大的环境中。这种方法是利用电缆的通断来排查电缆的断点所在。
7，拉拔电线检测法
这个也属于有损伤的检测方法，一般在实际中用不到，但也是一种方法就一起列出来了，用老虎钳拉拔电缆端头的断线，如断点在电缆端头附近，则绝缘皮很容易拉断。此法用于断点在电缆端头的附近的电缆。
要测出电线电缆断点，可以参考今天介绍的几种方法，我们在有条件的情况下，还是借助仪器设备提高工作效率比较好。
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